Component of the criminal justice system

For this assignment, you can choose to either create a PowerPoint presentation or write a report depicting your analysis of historical crime data for a specific category of crime or criminal issue. Focus your research on one component of the criminal justice system (i.e., law enforcement, courts, or corrections). The data and charts you develop may be used in your Final Project. For this assignment, you will:

1. Present national data and trends based on the FBI – Uniform Crime Report and/or the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) – National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), or another comparable nationally recognized database, such as The Campus Safety and Security Data Analysis Cutting Tool. Or, for an international perspective, you may present data available at the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime’s Crime and criminal justice statistics.
2. Present local data from a city, county, or state for three comparable locations in size from three different regions of the country (e.g., Indianapolis, Austin, and San Francisco). This information should be found on official government websites.   
3. Develop questions you would like to address based on the data you retrieved. (Note: You do not have to answer these questions for this assignment.) What crime prevention programs or initiatives are available to potentially address the crime or criminal justice issue? (Note: You are working through Step 18 in Crime Analysis for Problem Solvers in 60 Small Steps.)

If you choose to create a PowerPoint Presentation, graphically display the statistical data developed for three comparable cities, counties, or states. Your presentation will incorporate national statistics for comparison. Your assessment may be in bullet or paragraph format and will be provided in the notes section of the presentation. Make sure you standardize your data (usually 1:1000; 1:10,000; or 1: 100,000) and incorporate the scale in a key for each chart.Your PowerPoint Presentation must be a minimum of 10 slides long.

If you choose, to write a report, graphically display the statistical data developed for three comparable cities, counties, or states. Incorporate national statistics for comparison. You must include an introduction that presents the focus of the project for analysis. Your assignment must be at least five pages in addition to the Title Page and Reference Page. Your assessment may be in bullet or paragraph format below the graphic display. Make sure you standardize your data (usually 1:1000; 1:10,000; or 1: 100,000) and incorporate the scale in a key for each chart.

In addition to the textbook, you must use at least three scholarly sources to support your points. Cite your sources within the text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA, including samples and tutorials, visit the Ashford Writing Center, located within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar.

Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

In Chapter 7 of Crime Prevention, Robinson states that "Rational choice and deterrence theories are two related theories that help understand why criminal justice – including crime control and crime prevention activities of police, courts, and corrections – should help us reduce crime in society" (2012). Answer one of the following questions:

1. How do these theories help us understand the relationship between criminals and law enforcement, the courts, corrections, and society?
2. What are some of the results we would expect to see if these theories are correct in assessing criminal activity?
3. How would the rational choice and deterrence theories change the policing strategy of your department if you were in a police department utilizing traditional policing techniques or a department utilizing community oriented and problem solving techniques?

Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length. Support your post with examples from your required reading material and /or other scholarly sources, and provide in-text citation in APA style.

Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Robinson discusses many theories in Chapters 3 through 7. Select a theory other than rational choice or deterrence theories, and compare and/or contrast it to the post of your classmates’ and/or your instructor. Does one of these theories clarify your understanding of the crime or criminal issue you intend to examine in your Final Project?

2. Twenty-five Techniques of Situational Prevention
   
   Identify a crime or criminal issue that you believe has a law enforcement solution. Considering the Problem Analysis Chart (Step 8) in Crime Analysis for Problem Solvers in 60 Small Steps (assigned reading for Week Two) and the Twenty Five Techniques of Situational Prevention chart, propose a potential solution to the crime or criminal issue you identified. Explain how the technique will effectively reduce the possibility of the crime occurring. If the technique is effective, what is the expected result on social and criminal justice? You may use this research in your Final Project.
   
   Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length. Support your post with examples from your required reading material and /or other scholarly sources, and provide in-text citation in APA style.
   
   Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. After reviewing the initial post of your classmates, select another potential solution from the "Twenty Five Techniques of Situational Prevention,” and discuss a complementary program that addresses the same issue identified in their posts which would give a complimentary and more comprehensive program.
    
3. Journal Article Review: Policing Crime Prevention Programs
   
   During this course you will submit three journal article reviews from the Ashford Online Library. You can use this research in your Final Project, due in Week Five. The reviews will addresses crime prevention strategies through one of the following criminal justice system components:
1. Policing Crime Prevention Programs – policing, schools, community oriented policing  (covered in Chapter 7 of Crime Prevention)
2. Court Crime Prevention Programs – the Courts or sentencing (covered in Chapter 8 of Crime Prevention)
3. Corrections Crime Prevention Programs – corrections, jails and prisons, boot camps, rehabilitation, or restoration (covered in Chapter 9 of Crime Prevention)

There are journal article reviews due in Weeks One, Three, and Four. For this week, select an article on a law-enforcement initiated crime prevention program. In this review, do the following:
 

4. Summarize the article. Which type of crime prevention strategy is being addressed?
5. Identify the key findings and recommendations.
6. Cite the article in APA format. Information on APA is available in the Ashford Writing center, located within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar.

Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length.

Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. After reviewing your classmates’ journal article reviews, what assumptions need to be made to incorporate the law enforcement-initiated crime prevention strategy? Does the law-enforcement initiated crime prevention program cause problems for either the courts or corrections as part of the overall criminal justice system?

1. Court Initiatives
   
   Select one of the following Activities from Chapter 8 of Crime Prevention for your initial post.
1. Activity: Three Strikes
2. Activity: Drug Courts
3. Activity: Specialized Courts

Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length. Support your post with examples from your required reading material and /or other scholarly sources, and provide in-text citation in APA style.

Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. For these responses, select at least one classmate who chose to address an Activity different from your own. In your responses to their posts, address the following:

4. Is there a crime prevention program in the policing or corrections areas that would complement the initiative addressed by your classmates?
5. What concept or theory would support your position?
6. Will the initiative positively or negatively impact social justice for all groups or just targeted segments of society?

2. Corrections Initiatives
   
   Select one of the following Activities from Chapter 9 of Crime Prevention for your initial post.
1. Activity: How Much Are Americans Spending for Corrections?
2. Activity: Restorative Justice

Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length. Support your post with examples from your required reading material and /or other scholarly sources, and provide in-text citation in APA style.

Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. For these responses, select at least one classmate who chose to address an Activity different from your own. In your responses to their posts, address the following:

3. With respect to your classmate's initial post, how do the concepts of re-entry and re-integration of prisoners back into society affect your selection of a crime prevention program?  
4. Does society have a responsibility to fund and implement programs like these?  
5. Do these programs have an effect on recidivism?
    
2. Journal Article Review: Corrections Crime Prevention Programs
   
   During this course you will submit three journal article reviews from the Ashford Online Library. You can use this research in your Final Project, due in Week Five. The reviews will addresses crime prevention strategies through one of the following criminal justice system components:
1. Policing Crime Prevention Programs – policing, schools, community oriented policing  (covered in Chapter 7 of Crime Prevention)
2. Court Crime Prevention Programs – the Courts or sentencing (covered in Chapter 8 of Crime Prevention)
3. Corrections Crime Prevention Programs – corrections, jails and prisons, boot camps, rehabilitation, or restoration (covered in Chapter 9 of Crime Prevention)

There are journal article reviews due in Weeks One, Three, and Four. For this week, select an article on a corrections prevention program. In this review, do the following:
 

4. Summarize the article. Which type of crime prevention strategy is being addressed?
5. Identify the key findings and recommendations.
6. Cite the article in APA format. Information on APA is available in the Ashford Writing center, located within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar.

Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length.

To participate in the following discussions, go to this week's Discussion link in the left navigation.

1. Crime Prevention Initiatives
   
   Select one of the following Activities from Chapter 10 of Crime Prevention for your initial post.
1. Activity: Crime Prevention. Medical Focus – Brain Dysfunction
2. Activity: Crime Prevention. Crime Prevention – Social Capital & Human Capital
3. Critical Thinking: Create a Crime Prevention Program (Reduce Poverty).
4. Critical Thinking: Re-entry Programs

Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length. Support your post with examples from your required reading material and /or other scholarly sources, and provide in-text citation in APA style.

Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. For these responses, select at least one classmate who chose to address an Activity different from your own. In your responses to their posts, address the following:

5. With respect to your classmate's initial post, how do the concepts of re-entry and re-integration of prisoners back into society affect your selection of a crime prevention program?  
6. Does society have a responsibility to fund and implement programs like these?  
7. Do these programs have an effect on recidivism?

2. Gun Violence
   
   According to Robinson, when we compare America to countries around the world, America does not have a high rate of crime, but has one of the highest rates of lethal violence (2012). Discuss three factors that are contributing to lethal violence. Using the Problem Analysis Triangle (introduced in Week Two), discuss three potential initiatives to counter gun violence. What are examples of initiatives outside the criminal justice system (i.e., law enforcement, courts, and corrections) that can impact crime and criminal issues?
   
   Your initial post must be a minimum of 250 words in length. Support your post with examples from your required reading material and /or other scholarly sources, and provide in-text citation in APA style.
   
   Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Review the initial posts of your classmates. They discussed three factors that contribute to lethal violence. Select one of these factors and discuss what the implications and consequences of the factor are on social justice in society. Does this factor enhance or detract from criminal justice?

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Final Project
To complete the following final paper, go to this week's Final Project link in the left navigation.

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